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This document is slightly outdated. FIXME: should mention the video sync script

Play Media in a Web Entity

Web entities can play a number of different media formats through embedded players.

Supported Media Formats

Currently, exclusively open source formats are supported:

Container format

Supported codecs

File extension(s)

WebM

Video: VP8, VP9 Audio: Vorbis, Opus

.webm

Matroska

Video: Theora, VP8, VP9 Audio: Vorbis, Opus, FLAC, MP3

.mkv, .mk3d, .mka, .mks

Ogg

Video: Theora, VP8 Audio: Vorbis, Opus, FLAC

.ogg, .oga, .ogv

Video codec

Comments

Supported containers

VP9 (recommended)

Good quality, slow encoding.

WebM, Matroska

VP8

Recommended if your APU has hardware accelerated encoding for VP8, but not VP9. Slightly faster than VP9. Slightly lower quality to compression ratio than VP9.

WebM, Matroska

Theora

Low quality, low compression, outdated.

Matroska

Audio codec

Comments

Supported containers

Opus

Recommended, works well with high and low bitrate.

WebM, Matroska, Ogg

Vorbis

Lower quality to compression ratio than Opus.

WebM, Matroska, Ogg

FLAC

Lossless, bigger files.

Matroska, Ogg

MP3

Lower quality to compression ratio than Opus and Vorbis.

Matroska

Re-encode Media with FFmpeg

Here are some example commands for reencoding video files using FFmpeg.

Encode

Command

Comments

VP9, Opus, WebM

ffmpeg -i "INPUTFILE" -c:v libvpx-vp9 -b:v 0 -crf 5 -vf scale=-2:600 -cpu-used 5 -row-mt 1 -c:a libopus -b:a 96K "OUTPUTFILE.webm"

"-vf scale=-2:600" scales the video down to 600p vertical resolution while keeping the aspect ratio. "-crf 5" is the video quality from 0 to 63, lower being better. For the constant quality to work the bitrate has to be set to "0" via "-b:v 0".

VP9 (Hardware accelerated), Opus, WebM

ffmpeg -i "INPUTFILE" -c:v vp9_vaapi -b:v 2000k -c:a libopus -b:a 96K "OUTPUTFILE.webm"

VP9 hardware acceleration is currently only supported by Intel Kaby Lake or newer APUs. Hardware accelerated VP9 does not have a constant quality setting, so bitrate needs to be used instead.

VP8 (Hardware accelerated), Opus, WebM

ffmpeg -i "INPUTFILE" -c:v vp8_vaapi -b:v 2000k -vf scale=-2:600 -c:a libopus -b:a 96K "OUTPUTFILE.webm"

VP8 hardware acceleration is currently only supported by Intel Cherryview/Braswell and newer APUs.

Theora, Opus, Matroska

ffmpeg -i "INPUTFILE" -c:v libtheora -q:v 10 -vf scale=-2:600 -c:a libopus -b:a 96K "OUTPUTFILE.mkv"

"-q:v 10" is the quality from 0 to 10, higher being better.

You can use the ffmpeg -codecs command to see supported codecs.

Additional info can be found with the command ffmpeg -h

Alternatively you can explore these links:

Batch Processing

Here is an example shell script to batch reencode the contents of a folder on Linux using FFmpeg:

You can name it: vircadia_reencode.sh

With this code in it:

# Modified version of https://gist.github.com/ralphcrisostomo/56fc395b1646bd55aeeb2eb442043887
# Usage: ./vircadia_reencode.sh /SourceDirectory /DestinationDirectory

SOURCE=$1
DESTINATION=$2

while IFS= read -d '' -r ITEM
do

  echo $ITEM

  FILE=${ITEM##*/}
  EXT=${ITEM##*.}
  EXT=$(echo $EXT | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")
  OUTPUT="$DESTINATION/${FILE%.*}.mkv"

  # Create directory
  [[ -d $DESTINATION ]] || mkdir -p $DESTINATION

echo "" | ffmpeg -i "$ITEM" -c:v libvpx-vp9 -b:v 0 -crf 5 -vf scale=-2:600 -cpu-used 5 -row-mt 1 -c:a libopus -b:a 96K "$OUTPUT"

# All files with the listed extensions will be reencoded.
done< <(find "$SOURCE" \( -iname '*.mp4' -or -iname '*.avi'  -or -iname '*.mkv' -or -iname '*.mts' \) -print0) |

Note

Do not forget to set the script as executable on Linux using something like chmod +x vircadia_reencode.sh

Video Player

You can embed videos using the HTML5 video tag. This example code can be put into an HTML file on a web server and be used in a Web entity.

<video controls="controls" src="EXAMPLEDIRECTORY/EXAMPLEFILE.webm">
    Your browser does not support the HTML5 Video element.
</video>

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